Rayleigh may be the vocabulary new to you but it’s nothing other than the name of the scientist who discovered the scattering of light from the sun in the atmosphere. A recuperative trip to Egypt was suggested, and Strutt took his bride, Evelyn Balfour, the sister of Arthur James Balfour, on a houseboat journey up the Nile for an extended winter holiday. Shortly after returning to England he succeeded to the title of Baron Rayleigh in 1873, on the death of his father. The preface of [4] explains why Rayleigh-wave theory, introduced by him in 1885 in a paper in the Proceedings of the London Mathematical Society, has proved so important:- There is no respect for mere age in science or technology. The team discovered that, when it comes to touch, the waves … Like Love waves they are dispersive so the particular speed at which they travel depends on the wave period and the near-surface geologic structure, and they also decrease in amplitude with depth. These are surface waves, mostly Rayleigh waves, and bulk longitudinal waves and transverse waves (or shear waves) propagating into the ground depth. Love The second type of surface wave was discovered in 1911 by another Englishman, Augustus Edward Hough Love. Lord Rayleigh. Rayleigh scattering , named after the nineteenth-century British physicist Lord Rayleigh (John William Strutt), is the predominantly elastic scattering of light or other electromagnetic radiation by particles much smaller than the wavelength of the radiation. Scattering by particles similar to, or larger than, the wavelength of light is typically treated by the Mie theory, the discrete dipole approximation and other computational techniques. Tf is a fictive temperature, representing the temperature at which the density fluctuations are "frozen" in the material. Another example of waves with both longitudinal and transverse motion may be found in solids as Rayleigh surface waves (named after John W. Strutt, 3rd Baron Rayleigh who first studied them in 1885). His early papers deal with such subjects as electromagnetism, colour, acoustics, and diffraction gratings. Rayleigh scattering is also an important mechanism of wave scattering in amorphous solids such as glass, and is responsible for acoustic wave damping and phonon damping in glasses and granular matter at low or not too high temperatures. They form a distinct class, different from other types of seismic waves, such as P-waves and S-waves (both body waves), or Rayleigh waves (another type of surface wave). Love, a British mathematician, who discovered them in 1911. {\displaystyle {\bar {\epsilon }}} Of all seismic waves, Rayleigh waves spread out most in time, producing a long wave duration on seismographs. In 1879 Rayleigh wrote a paper on travelling waves, this theory has now developed into the theory of solitons. ... the scientist who discovered it). ϵ Rayleigh waves were named after the researcher who discovered them, John William Strutt, who held the title Lord Rayleigh. Rayleigh waves are seismic waves commonly associated with earthquakes discovered in 1885 by John William Strutt, Lord Rayleigh. British physicist and mathematician Lord Rayleigh discovered the inert gas argon (Ar) in 1895, which earned him the 1904 Nobel Prize in Physics. In his later years, when he was the foremost leader in British physics, Rayleigh served in influential advisory capacities in education and government. On the transmission of light through an atmosphere containing small particles in suspension, and on the origin of the blue of the sky", "On the blue colour of the sky, the polarization of skylight, and on the polarization of light by cloudy matter generally", "John Tyndall, the Man who Explained Why the Sky is Blue", "On the transmission of light through an atmosphere containing small particles in suspension, and on the origin of the blue of the sky", "An experiment to measure Mie and Rayleigh total scattering cross sections", "Atmospheric effects of volcanic eruptions as seen by famous artists and depicted in their paintings", "Laser spectroscopy of gas confined in nanoporous materials", HyperPhysics description of Rayleigh scattering, Full physical explanation of sky color, in simple terms, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Rayleigh_scattering&oldid=990998587, Scattering, absorption and radiative transfer (optics), Short description is different from Wikidata, Articles with unsourced statements from January 2011, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, This page was last edited on 27 November 2020, at 18:46. Omissions? Averaging this over all angles gives the Rayleigh scattering cross-section[14]. Although not quite as famous as Lord Rayleigh, Love nevertheless held the position of Professor for Natural Philosophy at Oxford University for 41 years. Lord Rayleigh, in full John William Strutt, 3rd Baron Rayleigh of Terling Place, (born November 12, 1842, Langford Grove, Maldon, Essex, England—died June 30, 1919, Terling Place, Witham, Essex), English physical scientist who made fundamental discoveries in the fields of acoustics and optics that are basic to the theory of wave propagation in fluids. The reddening of the sun is intensified when it is near the horizon because the light being received directly from it must pass through more of the atmosphere. In 1908 he accepted the post of chancellor of the University of Cambridge, retaining this position until his death. , then any incident light will be scattered according to the following equation[18]. 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